Migraines are more than just headaches — they are a complex neurological condition that can significantly affect daily life. Millions of people worldwide suffer from migraines, often experiencing recurring episodes that can last for hours or even days. Recognizing the symptoms early and seeking timely treatment can help reduce both the frequency and severity of attacks.
What is a Migraine?
A migraine is an intense, throbbing headache often felt on one side of the head. It may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound. Migraines can last anywhere from 4 hours to 72 hours, and the intensity can vary from moderate to severe.
Common Causes & Triggers
The exact cause of migraines is not fully understood, but they are believed to be linked to abnormal brain activity affecting nerve signals, chemicals, and blood vessels. Common triggers include:
- Stress and anxiety
- Hormonal changes (e.g., during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause)
- Certain foods and drinks (aged cheese, processed meats, alcohol, caffeine)
- Irregular sleep patterns
- Skipping meals
- Environmental factors (bright lights, loud noises, strong smells)
- Weather changes
Symptoms to Watch For
Migraine symptoms can differ from person to person, but they often include:
Headache phase – Throbbing or pulsating pain, usually on one side of the head
Aura phase (in some patients) – Visual disturbances like flashing lights or zigzag patterns before the headache begins
Other symptoms –
Nausea or vomiting
Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells
Blurred vision
Fatigue or dizziness
Treatment Options
While there is no permanent cure for migraines, a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and preventive strategies can make a big difference.
1. Acute (Abortive) Treatments
Taken at the first sign of a migraine to stop the attack:
Over-the-counter pain relievers (paracetamol, ibuprofen)
Prescription migraine medications (triptans, ergot derivatives)
2. Preventive Treatments
Prescribed if migraines are frequent or severe:
Blood pressure medicines (beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers)
Anti-seizure drugs
Antidepressants
3. Lifestyle Modifications
Maintain a regular sleep schedule
Eat balanced meals at fixed times
Stay hydrated
Exercise regularly
Manage stress through yoga, meditation, or relaxation techniques
Avoid known triggers by keeping a migraine diary
When to See a Doctor
You should seek medical advice if:
Your headaches are frequent or unusually severe
Over-the-counter medicines are not helping
You experience sudden, severe headache with confusion, weakness, or vision problems (seek emergency care)
Final Thoughts
Migraines can disrupt life, but with proper diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan, it is possible to control symptoms and improve quality of life. If you suspect you have migraines, consult a qualified doctor for an accurate diagnosis and tailored care.
📍 Dr. Sonal Jain, MD (General Medicine) — Specialist in Internal Medicine & Neurological Disorders. Providing comprehensive migraine diagnosis and treatment in Himayat Nagar, Hyderabad.
📞 Contact: 9701073615 | ⏰ Mon–Sat: 9:00 AM – 2:00 PM, 5:00 PM – 9:30 PM | Sun: 9:00 AM – 2:00 PM
